Compensation and Pension Examinations

The VA calls it a “Compensation and Pension Examination.” But you can think of it as a doctor’s appointment—because that’s all it is.

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You’ve applied for disability compensation or pension, and the VA is processing your claim. Sooner or later, you’ll almost certainly get a letter or telephone call asking you to report for a Compensation and Pension examination—a “C & P exam”—usually at private doctor's office who is contracted by the VA. If you have a number of disabilities, you may be asked to report for more than one exam.

The doctor’s report goes to the VA Regional Office, where your claim for benefits is processed. It’s the Regional Office, not the doctor, that decides whether you’re entitled to disability compensation or pension. At a C & P exam, you won’t receive treatment or medication. Instead, the doctor will focus upon evaluating your medical conditions.

If your condition is psychological, the doctor will ask questions and give you an opportunity to describe what you’ve been experiencing.

Sometimes the doctor will also ask you to complete a few standard psychological tests. (For example, the doctor may read you a list of words to see how many you can remember five minutes later.) There’s no need to worry about these tests. They’re routine, and they’re a minor part of the exam.

If your condition is physical, the doctor will examine you for that condition, asking questions, conducting standard medical tests, and ordering lab work, as necessary.

The doctor will then prepare a report. Typically, the report will summarize your medical history, describe your current symptoms, and assess their severity. The report may also include the doctor’s professional opinion about whether your disabilities are related to your military service. (Sometimes there’s no question that the disabilities are related—and if you’re only applying for pension, it doesn’t matter whether they’re related or not.)

The doctor’s report goes to the VA Regional Office, where your claim is processed. It’s the Regional Office, not the doctor, that decides whether you’re entitled to disability compensation or pension. And it’s the Regional Office, not the doctor, that determines the percentage disability rating.

There’s no question that the C & P exam is a key factor in the VA’s decisionmaking process. But it’s not the only factor. The VA will base its decisions upon all the evidence that’s been gathered, not just the report of the C & P exam.

VA hospitals and clinics use one computer system; VA Regional Offices use another. The two systems are separate. Always make sure that both computer systems show your current mailing address and current telephone number; otherwise, you may not receive notice of your C & P exam. Here’s why.

Make sure that your address and phone number are up-to-date with the VA Benefits Administration. This is the information they will provide to the private contractor who will contact you to schedule your medical exam.

Make certain the VA Medical Center has your current address and telephone number. When the Regional Office decides that an exam is needed, it alerts the VA hospital or VA clinic where the exam will take place. To notify you of the exam, the hospital or clinic generally retrieves your address and telephone number from its own computer system, not from the Regional Office system.

If you fail to show up for the exam, you may be able to get it rescheduled. Call the VA benefits hotline and let them know that you missed the exam and would like VA to order a new exam.

An important note: you’re the only person who’ll receive notice of the upcoming exam. As soon as you receive the letter or telephone call, be sure to tell your representative or attorney. He or she may want to talk with you before the exam.

As the Regional Office processes your claim, it enters all of the records it receives—including medical records—into your individual Claims Folder, or “C-file.”

When it’s time for your C & P exam, the Regional Office is supposed to send your entire C-file to the C & P doctor, and the doctor is supposed to review it. If the doctor fails to review the file, the exam is considered “inadequate.”

If there’s a document that’s crucial to your VA claim, bring a copy with you to the exam. Most of the time, the Regional Office does forward the C-file to the doctor. Occasionally it doesn’t.

If there are documents that are crucial to your VA claim, bring copies with you to the C & P exam and hand them to the doctor. This is particularly true of documents that won’t be available on the doctor’s computer terminal, and documents that may not yet have been entered into your C-file. But bring only the most essential documents—no more than 20 or 25 pages, if possible. Few doctors enjoy being asked to comb through hundreds of pages of records!

If any of the documents have not yet been submitted to the Regional Office, don’t count on the doctor to do it for you. Submit them yourself, as soon as possible.

You can also bring notes with you if there are important symptoms or information you want to make sure to tell the doctor about.

Open up. If you don’t say it, the doctor won’t report it, and the Regional Office won’t know about it. Most Compensation and Pension examinations are routine: you go in, you see the doctor, and you leave. But there’s no question that other C & P exams are more difficult.

For example, if your claim is for PTSD, you’ll be asked to sit down with a stranger—the C & P doctor—to talk about events that you may not even wish to think about. It may help to keep in mind that you won’t be talking to the man in the street—you’ll be talking to a professional, someone who understands PTSD and may well have treated many veterans suffering from PTSD.

Even if you expect that your exam will be routine, it’s normal to be anxious beforehand. It’s only a doctor’s appointment, but it’s also a new experience, and there’s income at stake.

• Show up 10 minutes ahead of time. This will give you time to calm down and collect your thoughts.
• Tell the truth. If you exaggerate your symptoms, the words out of your mouth (your “subjective complaint”) probably won’t match up with the results of the doctor’s exam (the doctor’s “objective findings”), leading the Regional Office to question your credibility when it reviews the doctor’s report.
  On the other hand, don’t “lowball” your symptoms. This advice applies to all veterans, male and female. In our culture, “boys don’t cry,” and men are often taught that it’s unmanly to express their emotions or acknowledge that they’re in pain—even to a doctor. Female veterans may also be conditioned to minimize the severity of their problems, because they’ve spent years in a military culture that tends to penalize “complainers.”
  Your C & P exam isn’t the time to “suck it up and carry on.” It isn’t the time for a display of machismo. If tears start to form in your eyes, let them come. It’s OK—they’re there for a reason. Remember, a doctor’s examination and testing will often tell only part of the story. Beyond a certain point, the doctor needs to hear from you. Open up. If you don’t say it, the doctor won’t report it, and the Regional Office won’t know about it.
  Even if you’re uncomfortable with the C & P doctor, don’t “clam up.” Keep in mind that the exam will just about always take at most an hour of your life. If you give one- or two-word answers to the doctor’s questions, you can be fairly certain that the Regional Office will get an incomplete picture of your disabilities.
• If you believe the C & P doctor has missed something important, say so—politely. If the doctor follows up, fine. But don’t be surprised or angered if the doctor doesn’t follow up. This happens often, usually because the doctor is following an agenda set by the Regional Office.
• It’s human nature: after a C & P exam, almost every veteran has second thoughts: Why did I say that? I could have said the same thing a different way. I forgot to mention something. Maybe I should have kept my mouth shut.

Our advice is simple: after the exam, tell your representative or attorney how it went—and then put the exam behind you. Don’t waste time second-guessing yourself. You did the best you could, and in all likelihood you did well enough.

This memorandum provides general information only. It does not constitute legal advice, nor does it substitute for the advice of an expert representative or attorney who knows the particulars of your case. Any use you make of the information in this memorandum is at your own risk. We have made every effort to provide eliable, up-to-date information, but we do not guarantee its accuracy. The information in this memorandum is current as of January 2026

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